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Last article, we explored the unique sleep challenges faced by children and teens with ADHD. The email response from readers made it clear that many parents and caregivers are seeking to better understand this condition and its broader impact on daily life. In this post, we’ll delve into the basics of ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder), what it is, how it affects children and teens, and why sleep can be such a significant challenge. Whether you're a parent, educator, or coach, a deeper understanding of ADHD can help you provide more effective support for the young people in your life.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common mental disorders in children. Now though it begins in childhood, it can also affect adults. If I had to sum up the main features, they would be inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. ADHD can disrupt school, social, and work tasks or functions. According to the CDC (Centers for Disease Control, 2024), an estimated 7 million (11.4%) U.S. children aged 3–17 years have ever been diagnosed with ADHD. About 6 in 10 children had moderate or severe ADHD and ADHD occurs twice as often in boys than in girls. Though ADHD in kids may be detected by their parents as early as toddlerhood, most children cannot be diagnosed until age 4. Children with ADHD may have trouble paying attention, controlling impulsive behaviors (may act without thinking about what the result will be), or be overly active. In adults, inattention, poor planning, restless feelings, and impulsivity are the most common manifestations of this disorder.
More than just occasional bouts of inattention or energy bursts, ADHD is considered when there is a lasting and frequent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity or impulsivity that disrupts functioning in one's day to day life. Inattention type is diagnosed when the required number of inattentive symptoms are present, but not all the required symptoms of hyperactivity or impulsivity. Hyperactive/impulsive type is diagnosed when the required number of hyperactivity or impulsivity symptoms are present but not all the required symptoms of inattention. Combined type is diagnosed when the required number of symptoms are met for both inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity.
ADHD is not without its share of criticism, many questioning the validity of this being a real disorder. Some argue that ADHD is over diagnosed, especially in children, due to normal childhood behaviors being labeled as pathological. Critics question whether societal pressures for academic and behavioral conformity drive the increase in diagnoses. Debate continues over whether non-medication approaches, like behavioral therapy, should be prioritized over medications (e.g., Ritalin, Adderall). Some believe pharmaceutical companies have contributed to an increase in ADHD diagnoses to expand markets for medications. The truth is, ADHD is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood. Neurodevelopmental means having to do with the way the brain grows and develops. There are some risk factors that increase chances of ADHD.
ADHD RISK FACTORS |
Environment definitely plays into risk of ADHD. According to Reuters, babies who are born too soon or arrive weighing too little are about three times more likely to develop attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) than full-term, healthy-sized infants. Additionally, a study by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health suggests that maternal alcohol use during pregnancy is related to ADHD. |
Genetics and physiology also increases risk of ADHD. People with ADHD are much more likely to have a parent or sibling with ADHD. |
This reality highlights the need for balanced approaches to diagnosis and treatment, including comprehensive evaluations and personalized care plans. Public awareness, ongoing research, and open dialogue are essential to addressing misconceptions and improving outcomes for individuals with ADHD.
Ways to Cope
When you are a parent of a child with ADHD, you can find it challenging to weed through all of the information and your own emotions. At EnvisionCo Blog, we are committed to providing strategies and insights that empower families and individuals facing mental wellness challenges. Following our recent article on sleep struggles in children with ADHD, this post will help identify some effective ways to cope with ADHD at home, in school, and beyond.
Tip #1 - Keep routines
Structure helps keep children from becoming to disorganized and distracted. This structure is especially valuable in helping the child with ADHD. ADHD often impacts executive functions like planning, organization, and time management. A structured environment helps children develop these skills by providing a framework for completing tasks and managing their time effectively. Set a consistent time for homework, meals, playtime, bed, and wake up times.
Tip #2 - Stay organized
Put schoolbags, clothing, and toys in the same place every day so your child will be less likely to lose them. By establishing routines, children learn to become more independent. They begin to understand the natural flow of their day and can anticipate what comes next, reducing anxiety and increasing their self-reliance.
Tip #3 - Provide clear instructions
Give brief, clear directions and set limits. Children who have ADHD need to know exactly what others expect from them. When children know what to expect, they can better focus on the task at hand. A consistent schedule helps minimize distractions and encourages them to stay on track. Use visual schedules, timers, and checklists to help children understand the routine and track their progress.
Tip #4 - Avoid distractions
When your child is doing homework or needs to focus, be sure to encourage them to put away cellphones, turn off the TV, radio, and computer. Children with ADHD can easily become overwhelmed by the constant stream of sensory information and the demands of daily life. A predictable routine provides a sense of order and control, making it easier for them to navigate their day-to-day activities.
Tip #5 - Limit choices
Offer a choice between two things. Whether it be outfits, meals, toys, etc., offering two choices can help reduce overwhelm and overstimulation. Offering choices helps children develop essential life skills such as decision-making, problem-solving, and critical thinking. When children are allowed to make choices, they feel more independent and capable, which boosts their self-esteem. By giving children a sense of ownership over their decisions, you can significantly increase their willingness to cooperate.
Tip #6 - Help them find a talent
All children need to have some success to feel good about themselves. Focusing on strengths can help minimize the frustration and anxiety that often accompany academic or social challenges for children with ADHD. Find out what your child does well then give them support in these pursuits. By mastering skills and achieving goals in areas of strength, children develop a strong sense of competence and belief in their abilities. Not only will this help boost their social skills but will also help boost their self-esteem. This positive reinforcement helps them overcome the challenges that often come with ADHD.
Tip #7 - Know your child's rights
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) ensures children with ADHD receive care. ADHD itself is not automatically considered a disability under IDEA. However, if a child's ADHD significantly impacts their educational performance, they may qualify for special education services under the "Other Health Impairment" category within IDEA. For accurate and personalized information regarding your child's specific situation, please consult with your child's pediatrician, your child's school district's special education department, or an attorney or advocate specializing in education law. Children and Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (CHADD) is a national nonprofit organization providing education, advocacy, and support for individuals with AD/HD.
If you’re seeking expert guidance, consider enrolling in specialized ADHD training programs to gain deeper insights. One such program is the Pesi Life ADHD Training for Parents: Help Your Child Thrive at Home & In School. Created by Dr. Ari Tuckman, a top ADHD expert with 25 years of experience, this online course offers practical advice on managing ADHD effectively.
What Makes This Course Valuable?
Actionable Solutions: Learn proven strategies to help your child manage ADHD symptoms at home and in the classroom.
Expert Insights: Benefit from Dr. Tuckman’s deep expertise in ADHD treatment and management.
Convenient, On-Demand Learning: Access the course on your schedule from the comfort of your home
[Disclosure] This is an affiliate link. For a limited time, you can get this fantastic course for only $49.99 (regularly $99.99)! Click here to get the support you need today!
We'd love to hear from you in the comments below. What strategies have you tried? What trainings have you found to be most helpful in your ADHD journey? Understanding and effectively managing ADHD begins with knowledge, compassion, and the right strategies. As we’ve explored, ADHD impacts children and teens in various ways, affecting sleep, learning, and daily routines. However, with the right tools—such as maintaining structure, encouraging talents, and providing clear guidance—families can empower their children to thrive. If you’re a parent, educator, or coach seeking to deepen your knowledge, investing in expert-led resources, like the Pesi Life ADHD Training for Parents, can be transformative. Remember, ADHD is not a barrier to success; with support and tailored strategies, children with ADHD can excel and build a fulfilling life. Let’s continue to foster understanding, challenge misconceptions, and create environments where all children have the opportunity to succeed. Together, we can make a positive impact. Please remember that wherever you are on this wellness journey, do not worry about getting it perfect; just get it going. Until next time.
"It’s not about having more discipline. It’s about creating systems that work with your brain, not against it." ~Jessica McCabe
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